3.57 \(\int \frac{d+e x^2+f x^4}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=219 \[ \frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right ) \left (\frac{-c (2 a f+b e)+b^2 f+2 c^2 d}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}-b f+c e\right )}{\sqrt{2} c^{3/2} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right ) \left (-\frac{-2 a c f+b^2 f-b c e+2 c^2 d}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}-b f+c e\right )}{\sqrt{2} c^{3/2} \sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}+\frac{f x}{c} \]

[Out]

(f*x)/c + ((c*e - b*f + (2*c^2*d + b^2*f - c*(b*e + 2*a*f))/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt
[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*c^(3/2)*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) + ((c*e - b*f - (2*c^2*d - b*c*e + b^2
*f - 2*a*c*f)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*c^(3/2)*Sqr
t[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]])

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.637272, antiderivative size = 219, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 3, integrand size = 27, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.111, Rules used = {1676, 1166, 205} \[ \frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right ) \left (\frac{-c (2 a f+b e)+b^2 f+2 c^2 d}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}-b f+c e\right )}{\sqrt{2} c^{3/2} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right ) \left (-\frac{-2 a c f+b^2 f-b c e+2 c^2 d}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}-b f+c e\right )}{\sqrt{2} c^{3/2} \sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}+\frac{f x}{c} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[(d + e*x^2 + f*x^4)/(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4),x]

[Out]

(f*x)/c + ((c*e - b*f + (2*c^2*d + b^2*f - c*(b*e + 2*a*f))/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt
[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*c^(3/2)*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) + ((c*e - b*f - (2*c^2*d - b*c*e + b^2
*f - 2*a*c*f)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*c^(3/2)*Sqr
t[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]])

Rule 1676

Int[(Pq_)/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> Int[ExpandIntegrand[Pq/(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4), x], x
] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && PolyQ[Pq, x^2] && Expon[Pq, x^2] > 1

Rule 1166

Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]}, Di
st[e/2 + (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q), Int[1/(b/2 - q/2 + c*x^2), x], x] + Dist[e/2 - (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q), Int[1/(b/2 +
q/2 + c*x^2), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && NeQ[c*d^2 - a*e^2, 0] && PosQ[b^
2 - 4*a*c]

Rule 205

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[a/b, 2]*ArcTan[x/Rt[a/b, 2]])/a, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x]
&& PosQ[a/b]

Rubi steps

\begin{align*} \int \frac{d+e x^2+f x^4}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx &=\int \left (\frac{f}{c}+\frac{c d-a f+(c e-b f) x^2}{c \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}\right ) \, dx\\ &=\frac{f x}{c}+\frac{\int \frac{c d-a f+(c e-b f) x^2}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx}{c}\\ &=\frac{f x}{c}+\frac{\left (c e-b f-\frac{2 c^2 d-b c e+b^2 f-2 a c f}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \int \frac{1}{\frac{b}{2}+\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx}{2 c}+\frac{\left (c e-b f+\frac{2 c^2 d+b^2 f-c (b e+2 a f)}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \int \frac{1}{\frac{b}{2}-\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx}{2 c}\\ &=\frac{f x}{c}+\frac{\left (c e-b f+\frac{2 c^2 d+b^2 f-c (b e+2 a f)}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt{2} c^{3/2} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac{\left (c e-b f-\frac{2 c^2 d-b c e+b^2 f-2 a c f}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b+\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt{2} c^{3/2} \sqrt{b+\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [A]  time = 0.346859, size = 258, normalized size = 1.18 \[ \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right ) \left (c \left (e \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}-2 a f-b e\right )+b f \left (b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}\right )+2 c^2 d\right )}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac{\sqrt{2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right ) \left (-c \left (e \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+2 a f+b e\right )+b f \left (\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b\right )+2 c^2 d\right )}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c} \sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}+2 \sqrt{c} f x}{2 c^{3/2}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[(d + e*x^2 + f*x^4)/(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4),x]

[Out]

(2*Sqrt[c]*f*x + (Sqrt[2]*(2*c^2*d + b*(b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*f + c*(-(b*e) + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*e - 2*a*f))*A
rcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) - (Sqr
t[2]*(2*c^2*d + b*(b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*f - c*(b*e + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*e + 2*a*f))*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x
)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]))/(2*c^(3/2))

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Maple [B]  time = 0.025, size = 676, normalized size = 3.1 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int((f*x^4+e*x^2+d)/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a),x)

[Out]

f*x/c+1/2/c*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2))*b*f
-1/2*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2))*e+1/(-4*a*
c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2))*a*
f-1/2/c/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b
)*c)^(1/2))*b^2*f+1/2/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*
c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2))*b*e-c/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2
)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2))*d-1/2/c*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(-
4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*b*f+1/2*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^
2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*e+1/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4
*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*a*f-1/2/c/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^
(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*b^2*f+1/2/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*
arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*b*e-c/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*
c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*d

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Maxima [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \frac{f x}{c} - \frac{-\int \frac{{\left (c e - b f\right )} x^{2} + c d - a f}{c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}\,{d x}}{c} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((f*x^4+e*x^2+d)/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

f*x/c - integrate(-((c*e - b*f)*x^2 + c*d - a*f)/(c*x^4 + b*x^2 + a), x)/c

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Fricas [B]  time = 11.1798, size = 11135, normalized size = 50.84 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((f*x^4+e*x^2+d)/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

-1/2*(sqrt(1/2)*c*sqrt(-(b*c^3*d^2 - 4*a*c^3*d*e + a*b*c^2*e^2 + (a*b^3 - 3*a^2*b*c)*f^2 + 2*(a*b*c^2*d - (a*b
^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*e)*f + (a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 + (a^2*b^4 - 2*
a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e
+ (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*e - a^2*c^4*d*
e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))/(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4))*log(2*(c^5*d^4 - b*c^4*d^3*e + a*
b*c^3*d*e^3 - a^2*c^3*e^4 - (a^3*b^2 - a^4*c)*f^4 - ((a*b^4 - 3*a^2*b^2*c + 4*a^3*c^2)*d - (a^2*b^3 + a^3*b*c)
*e)*f^3 - 3*(a^2*b^2*c*e^2 + (a*b^2*c^2 - 2*a^2*c^3)*d^2 - (a*b^3*c - a^2*b*c^2)*d*e)*f^2 + (3*a*b*c^3*d^2*e -
3*a*b^2*c^2*d*e^2 + 3*a^2*b*c^2*e^3 + (b^2*c^3 - 4*a*c^4)*d^3)*f)*x + sqrt(1/2)*((b^2*c^4 - 4*a*c^5)*d^3 - (a
*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*d*e^2 + (a^2*b^4 - 5*a^3*b^2*c + 4*a^4*c^2)*f^3 - ((a*b^4*c - 7*a^2*b^2*c^2 + 12*a^3*c^3
)*d + 2*(a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^2 - (3*(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^3*c^2 - 4*a^2*b*c^3)*d*e -
(a^2*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f - ((a*b^3*c^4 - 4*a^2*b*c^5)*d - 2*(a^2*b^2*c^4 - 4*a^3*c^5)*e + (a^2*b^3*c^3
- 4*a^3*b*c^4)*f)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 + (a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*(
(a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2
- (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b
^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))*sqrt(-(b*c^3*d^2 - 4*a*c^3*d*e + a*b*c^2*e^2 + (a*b^3 - 3*a^2*b*c)*f^2 + 2*(a*b*c^2*d -
(a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*e)*f + (a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 + (a^2*b^4
- 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*a^2*b*c^3*
d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*e - a^2*c^
4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))/(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4))) - sqrt(1/2)*c*sqrt(-(b*c^3*d
^2 - 4*a*c^3*d*e + a*b*c^2*e^2 + (a*b^3 - 3*a^2*b*c)*f^2 + 2*(a*b*c^2*d - (a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*e)*f + (a*b^2*
c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 + (a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a
^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2 -
(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2
*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))/(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4))*log(2*(c^5*d^4 - b*c^4*d^3*e + a*b*c^3*d*e^3 - a^2*c^3*e^4 - (a^3
*b^2 - a^4*c)*f^4 - ((a*b^4 - 3*a^2*b^2*c + 4*a^3*c^2)*d - (a^2*b^3 + a^3*b*c)*e)*f^3 - 3*(a^2*b^2*c*e^2 + (a*
b^2*c^2 - 2*a^2*c^3)*d^2 - (a*b^3*c - a^2*b*c^2)*d*e)*f^2 + (3*a*b*c^3*d^2*e - 3*a*b^2*c^2*d*e^2 + 3*a^2*b*c^2
*e^3 + (b^2*c^3 - 4*a*c^4)*d^3)*f)*x - sqrt(1/2)*((b^2*c^4 - 4*a*c^5)*d^3 - (a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*d*e^2 + (a
^2*b^4 - 5*a^3*b^2*c + 4*a^4*c^2)*f^3 - ((a*b^4*c - 7*a^2*b^2*c^2 + 12*a^3*c^3)*d + 2*(a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2
)*e)*f^2 - (3*(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^3*c^2 - 4*a^2*b*c^3)*d*e - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f
- ((a*b^3*c^4 - 4*a^2*b*c^5)*d - 2*(a^2*b^2*c^4 - 4*a^3*c^5)*e + (a^2*b^3*c^3 - 4*a^3*b*c^4)*f)*sqrt((c^6*d^4
- 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 + (a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2
*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)
*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))*sqrt(-(b*c
^3*d^2 - 4*a*c^3*d*e + a*b*c^2*e^2 + (a*b^3 - 3*a^2*b*c)*f^2 + 2*(a*b*c^2*d - (a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*e)*f + (a*
b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 + (a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4
*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^
2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2
*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))/(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4))) + sqrt(1/2)*c*sqrt(-(b*c^3*d^2 - 4*a*c^3*d*e + a*b*c^2*e^2 +
(a*b^3 - 3*a^2*b*c)*f^2 + 2*(a*b*c^2*d - (a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*e)*f - (a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 -
2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 + (a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b
^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f
^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))/(a*b^2*c^3 -
4*a^2*c^4))*log(2*(c^5*d^4 - b*c^4*d^3*e + a*b*c^3*d*e^3 - a^2*c^3*e^4 - (a^3*b^2 - a^4*c)*f^4 - ((a*b^4 - 3*
a^2*b^2*c + 4*a^3*c^2)*d - (a^2*b^3 + a^3*b*c)*e)*f^3 - 3*(a^2*b^2*c*e^2 + (a*b^2*c^2 - 2*a^2*c^3)*d^2 - (a*b^
3*c - a^2*b*c^2)*d*e)*f^2 + (3*a*b*c^3*d^2*e - 3*a*b^2*c^2*d*e^2 + 3*a^2*b*c^2*e^3 + (b^2*c^3 - 4*a*c^4)*d^3)*
f)*x + sqrt(1/2)*((b^2*c^4 - 4*a*c^5)*d^3 - (a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*d*e^2 + (a^2*b^4 - 5*a^3*b^2*c + 4*a^4*c^2
)*f^3 - ((a*b^4*c - 7*a^2*b^2*c^2 + 12*a^3*c^3)*d + 2*(a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^2 - (3*(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2
*c^4)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^3*c^2 - 4*a^2*b*c^3)*d*e - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f + ((a*b^3*c^4 - 4*a^2*b*c^5)*d
- 2*(a^2*b^2*c^4 - 4*a^3*c^5)*e + (a^2*b^3*c^3 - 4*a^3*b*c^4)*f)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4
+ (a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(
4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^
2*e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))*sqrt(-(b*c^3*d^2 - 4*a*c^3*d*e + a*b*c^2*e
^2 + (a*b^3 - 3*a^2*b*c)*f^2 + 2*(a*b*c^2*d - (a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*e)*f - (a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*sqrt((c^6*d
^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 + (a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a
^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^
2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))/(a*b^2*c
^3 - 4*a^2*c^4))) - sqrt(1/2)*c*sqrt(-(b*c^3*d^2 - 4*a*c^3*d*e + a*b*c^2*e^2 + (a*b^3 - 3*a^2*b*c)*f^2 + 2*(a*
b*c^2*d - (a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*e)*f - (a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 +
(a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*
a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*
e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))/(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4))*log(2*(c^5*d^4 - b*
c^4*d^3*e + a*b*c^3*d*e^3 - a^2*c^3*e^4 - (a^3*b^2 - a^4*c)*f^4 - ((a*b^4 - 3*a^2*b^2*c + 4*a^3*c^2)*d - (a^2*
b^3 + a^3*b*c)*e)*f^3 - 3*(a^2*b^2*c*e^2 + (a*b^2*c^2 - 2*a^2*c^3)*d^2 - (a*b^3*c - a^2*b*c^2)*d*e)*f^2 + (3*a
*b*c^3*d^2*e - 3*a*b^2*c^2*d*e^2 + 3*a^2*b*c^2*e^3 + (b^2*c^3 - 4*a*c^4)*d^3)*f)*x - sqrt(1/2)*((b^2*c^4 - 4*a
*c^5)*d^3 - (a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*d*e^2 + (a^2*b^4 - 5*a^3*b^2*c + 4*a^4*c^2)*f^3 - ((a*b^4*c - 7*a^2*b^2*c^
2 + 12*a^3*c^3)*d + 2*(a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^2 - (3*(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^3*c^2 - 4*a^2
*b*c^3)*d*e - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f + ((a*b^3*c^4 - 4*a^2*b*c^5)*d - 2*(a^2*b^2*c^4 - 4*a^3*c^5)*e
+ (a^2*b^3*c^3 - 4*a^3*b*c^4)*f)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e^4 + (a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*
c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2*(4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3
*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*d^2*e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*
e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))*sqrt(-(b*c^3*d^2 - 4*a*c^3*d*e + a*b*c^2*e^2 + (a*b^3 - 3*a^2*b*c)*f^2 + 2
*(a*b*c^2*d - (a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*e)*f - (a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4)*sqrt((c^6*d^4 - 2*a*c^5*d^2*e^2 + a^2*c^4*e
^4 + (a^2*b^4 - 2*a^3*b^2*c + a^4*c^2)*f^4 + 4*((a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d - (a^2*b^3*c - a^3*b*c^2)*e)*f^3 - 2
*(4*a^2*b*c^3*d*e + (a*b^2*c^3 - 3*a^2*c^4)*d^2 - (3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*e^2)*f^2 - 4*(a*c^5*d^3 - a*b*c^4*
d^2*e - a^2*c^4*d*e^2 + a^2*b*c^3*e^3)*f)/(a^2*b^2*c^6 - 4*a^3*c^7)))/(a*b^2*c^3 - 4*a^2*c^4))) - 2*f*x)/c

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Sympy [B]  time = 90.1555, size = 1151, normalized size = 5.26 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((f*x**4+e*x**2+d)/(c*x**4+b*x**2+a),x)

[Out]

RootSum(_t**4*(256*a**3*c**5 - 128*a**2*b**2*c**4 + 16*a*b**4*c**3) + _t**2*(48*a**3*b*c**2*f**2 - 64*a**3*c**
3*e*f - 28*a**2*b**3*c*f**2 + 48*a**2*b**2*c**2*e*f - 32*a**2*b*c**3*d*f - 16*a**2*b*c**3*e**2 + 64*a**2*c**4*
d*e + 4*a*b**5*f**2 - 8*a*b**4*c*e*f + 8*a*b**3*c**2*d*f + 4*a*b**3*c**2*e**2 - 16*a*b**2*c**3*d*e - 16*a*b*c*
*4*d**2 + 4*b**3*c**3*d**2) + a**4*f**4 - 2*a**3*b*e*f**3 - 4*a**3*c*d*f**3 + 2*a**3*c*e**2*f**2 + 2*a**2*b**2
*d*f**3 + a**2*b**2*e**2*f**2 + 2*a**2*b*c*d*e*f**2 - 2*a**2*b*c*e**3*f + 6*a**2*c**2*d**2*f**2 - 4*a**2*c**2*
d*e**2*f + a**2*c**2*e**4 - 2*a*b**3*d*e*f**2 - 4*a*b**2*c*d**2*f**2 + 4*a*b**2*c*d*e**2*f + 2*a*b*c**2*d**2*e
*f - 2*a*b*c**2*d*e**3 - 4*a*c**3*d**3*f + 2*a*c**3*d**2*e**2 + b**4*d**2*f**2 - 2*b**3*c*d**2*e*f + 2*b**2*c*
*2*d**3*f + b**2*c**2*d**2*e**2 - 2*b*c**3*d**3*e + c**4*d**4, Lambda(_t, _t*log(x + (32*_t**3*a**3*b*c**4*f -
64*_t**3*a**3*c**5*e - 8*_t**3*a**2*b**3*c**3*f + 16*_t**3*a**2*b**2*c**4*e + 32*_t**3*a**2*b*c**5*d - 8*_t**
3*a*b**3*c**4*d - 4*_t*a**4*c**2*f**3 + 8*_t*a**3*b**2*c*f**3 - 18*_t*a**3*b*c**2*e*f**2 + 12*_t*a**3*c**3*d*f
**2 + 12*_t*a**3*c**3*e**2*f - 2*_t*a**2*b**4*f**3 + 6*_t*a**2*b**3*c*e*f**2 - 6*_t*a**2*b**2*c**2*d*f**2 - 6*
_t*a**2*b**2*c**2*e**2*f + 12*_t*a**2*b*c**3*d*e*f + 2*_t*a**2*b*c**3*e**3 - 12*_t*a**2*c**4*d**2*f - 12*_t*a*
*2*c**4*d*e**2 + 6*_t*a*b*c**4*d**2*e + 4*_t*a*c**5*d**3 - 2*_t*b**2*c**4*d**3)/(a**4*c*f**4 - a**3*b**2*f**4
+ a**3*b*c*e*f**3 - 4*a**3*c**2*d*f**3 + a**2*b**3*e*f**3 + 3*a**2*b**2*c*d*f**3 - 3*a**2*b**2*c*e**2*f**2 - 3
*a**2*b*c**2*d*e*f**2 + 3*a**2*b*c**2*e**3*f + 6*a**2*c**3*d**2*f**2 - a**2*c**3*e**4 - a*b**4*d*f**3 + 3*a*b*
*3*c*d*e*f**2 - 3*a*b**2*c**2*d**2*f**2 - 3*a*b**2*c**2*d*e**2*f + 3*a*b*c**3*d**2*e*f + a*b*c**3*d*e**3 - 4*a
*c**4*d**3*f + b**2*c**3*d**3*f - b*c**4*d**3*e + c**5*d**4)))) + f*x/c

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Giac [F(-2)]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: NotImplementedError} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((f*x^4+e*x^2+d)/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

Exception raised: NotImplementedError